Fig. 1

A Overview of the size and specificity of the chemical space across plant families. The blue column of the heatmap displays the normalized number of reported chemicals for each of the 513 families (i.e., leaf nodes in the phylogenetic tree). The red column represents the proportion of medicinal plants within the family. The green column highlights the proportion of phytochemicals that are unique to the family. Lastly, the orange column represents the average number of chemicals per species within the family. B Relative abundance of the 20 major secondary metabolite classes across plant families. Similar to (A) the leaf nodes in the phylogenetic tree correspond to different plant families. The heatmap indicates the relative abundance of each secondary metabolite class as a percentage with respect to the 567 chemical classes from NPClassifier [23]. Since the phylogenetic tree cannot be plotted with a heatmap with 567 columns (total number of chemical classes), we selected the 20 most abundant classes that were present in the majority of the plant families. Thus, only 319 of the 513 families which contained chemicals present in any of these 20 classes are depicted