Table 2 Comprehensive Performance Metrics of pdCSM-GPCR and AiGPro Models for 36 GPCRs supported by pdCSM-GPCR, including Pearson and Spearman and Mean Squared Error (MSE)

0.677697

0.844019

0.927161

0.598459

0.262448

0.138784

0.681418

0.811225

0.920255

0.689659

0.921445

0.913819

1.440755

0.197048

0.244769

0.725641

0.930697

0.915411

0.558878

0.73516

0.96047

0.389232

0.23069

0.039637

0.643617

0.795608

0.931363

0.724056

0.898625

0.837471

1.079031

0.309748

0.416983

0.71744

0.902301

0.929995

0.756877

0.857717

-0.18575

2.387652

0.741582

16.83852

0.752055

0.830525

0.239374

0.903191

0.977033

0.661544

0.632052

0.106288

1.393349

0.890782

0.970373

0.868128

0.763711

0.890759

0.894257

0.439251

0.198539

0.219516

0.792558

0.883109

0.891361

0.790824

0.858437

0.926488

0.5765

0.340872

0.28856

0.845828

0.925262

0.923018

0.783483

0.925001

0.936922

0.525033

0.148203

0.165385

0.778624

0.92579

0.937908

0.57747

0.747991

0.89956

1.744522

0.576609

0.22598

0.604479

0.782773

0.894269

0.63934

0.90017

0.396229

1.493945

0.250213

1.440032

0.551049

0.930075

0.876307

0.577188

0.492209

0.339559

2.246996

2.080604

2.551277

0.469937

0.363065

0.799985

0.780087

0.860241

0.577697

0.64427

0.328886

0.924773

0.83424

0.911129

0.534206

0.44117

0.479922

0.65292

1.939671

2.200727

0.843807

0.333241

0.423323

0.650743

0.899096

0.962053

– 0.15992

0.390727

0.120603

8.235974

0.911268

0.96074

0.526311

0.732431

0.846547

0.381958

1.671303

0.620345

3.148592

0.722602

0.837374

0.802032

0.814046

0.948219

0.84282

0.595652

0.096359

0.245888

0.797648

0.939531

0.814971

0.882107

0.935077

0.752952

0.704371

0.301326

1.084366

0.872538

0.936141

0.833231

0.7521

0.883138

0.851745

0.994021

0.253084

0.471346

0.688865

0.809073

0.800408

0.632413

0.757002

0.93903

1.304861

0.439505

0.149359

0.675703

0.900808

0.900456

0.78483

0.933192

− 0.32359

1.172908

0.235479

9.592626

0.794298

0.935882

0.406757

0.813097

0.923785

0.941495

0.735113

0.222674

0.202607

0.84594

0.943349

0.940951

0.916871

0.969147

0.524032

0.319415

0.089995

1.309028

0.929045

0.976074

0.879858

0.904959

0.944118

0.939619

0.210774

0.096948

0.086333

0.905397

0.941748

0.89801

0.390707

0.312899

− 0.54542

2.303484

2.421646

6.00078

0.805074

0.715054

0.660051

0.451143

0.536767

− 0.06658

2.691533

2.156264

9.260116

0.425713

0.525492

0.481879

0.858214

0.907132

0.771218

0.319798

0.149885

0.350926

0.866247

0.903202

0.754774

0.981837

0.874889

0.880415

0.072351

0.563678

0.419429

0.979498

0.872989

0.87819

0.807737

0.880264

0.819568

0.252343

0.210351

0.233144

0.873239

0.890536

0.745612

0.896725

0.911844

0.531145

0.174193

0.129037

0.602572

0.91287

0.928918

0.467122

0.826176

0.944241

0.883057

0.606932

0.097271

0.224144

0.827514

0.941554

0.887913

0.70499

0.990305

0.889806

0.880702

0.015348

0.164317

0.73248

0.987365

0.917692

0.82701

0.838706

0.737199

0.415411

0.738059

0.620671

0.713968

0.765747

0.82804

0.851701

0.778585

0.911147

0.413254

0.862635

0.28222

0.766518

0.665466

0.917893

0.866684

0.95228

0.873469

0.376423

0.142348

0.340459

0.868995

0.942514

0.852287

0.8684

0.969928

0.734544

0.564619

0.088746

0.606321

0.869558

0.974374

0.748595